A Randomized Trial of Automated Insulin Delivery in Type 2 Diabetes

Yogish C Kudva¹, Dan Raghinaru, John W Lum, Timothy E Graham, David Liljenquist, Elias K Spanakis, Francisco J Pasquel, Andrew Ahmann, David T Ahn, Grazia Aleppo, Thomas Blevins, Davida Kruger, Sue A Brown, Carol J Levy, Ruth S Weinstock, Devin W Steenkamp, Tamara Spaic, Irl B Hirsch, Frances Broyles, Michael R Rickels, Michael A Tsoukas, Philip Raskin, Betul Hatipoglu, Donna Desjardins, Adrienne N Terry, Lakshmi G Singh, Georgia M Davis, Caleb Schmid, Jelena Kravarusic, Kasey Coyne, Luis Casaubon, Valerie Espinosa, Jaye K Jones, Kathleen Estrada, Samina Afreen, Camilla Levister, Grenye O'Malley, Selina L Liu, Sheryl Marks, Amy J Peleckis, Melissa-Rosina Pasqua, Vanessa Tardio, Corey Kurek, Ryan D Luker, Jade Churchill, Farbod Z Tajrishi, Ariel Dean, Brittany Dennis, Evelyn Fronczyk, Jennifer Perez, Shereen Mukhashen, Jasmeen Dhillon, Aslihan Ipek, Suzan Bzdick, Astrid Atakov Castillo, Marsha Driscoll, Xenia Averkiou, Cornelia V Dalton-Bakes, Adelyn Moore, Lin F Jordan, Amanda Lesniak, Jordan E Pinsker, Ravid Sasson-Katchalski, Tiffany Campos, Charles Spanbauer, Lauren Kanapka, Craig Kollman, Roy W Beck; 2IQP Study Group

Affiliations

Affiliation

¹ Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes, Metabolism, and Nutrition, Department of Internal Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN (Y.C.K., D.D., C.K.); Jaeb Center for Health Research, Tampa, FL (D.R., J.W.L., T.C., C.S., L.K., C.K., R.W.B.); Diabetes and Endocrine Treatment Specialists, Sandy, UT (T.E.G., A.N.T., R.D.L.); Rocky Mountain Clinical Research, Idaho Falls, ID (D.L.); Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes, and Nutrition, Baltimore VA Medical Center, Baltimore, MD (E.K.S., L.G.S., J.C.); Division of Endocrinology, Emory University School of Medicine, Emory University, Atlanta, GA (F.J.P., G.M.D., F.Z.T.); Harold Schnitzer Diabetes Health Center, Oregon Health and Science University, Portland, OR (A.A., C.S., A.D.); Mary and Dick Allen Diabetes Center, Hoag Memorial Hospital Presbyterian, Newport Beach, CA (D.T.A., B.D.); Division of Endocrinology, Metabolism, and Molecular Medicine, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL (G.A., J.K., K.C., E.F.); Texas Diabetes and Endocrinology, Austin, TX (T.B., L.C., V.E., J.P.); Division of Endocrinology, Henry Ford Health System, Detroit, MI (D.K., J.K.J., K.E., S.M.); Division of Endocrinology, Center for Diabetes Technology, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA (S.A.B., S.A., J.D.); Division of Endocrinology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York (C.J.L., C.L., G.O., A.I.); and Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes, and Metabolism, Department of Medicine, SUNY Upstate Medical University, Syracuse (R.S.W., S.B.), NY; Boston Medical Center, Boston, MA (D.W.S., A.A.C.); Division of Endocrinology, St Joseph's Health Care, Lawson Health Research Institute, London, Ontario, Canada (T.S., S.L.L., M.D.); University of Washington School of Medicine, Seattle (I.B.H., X.A.); and Rainier Clinical Research Center, Renton (F.B., S.M.), WA; Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes, and Metabolism, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA (M.R.R., A.J.P., C.V.D.-B.); Research Institute of the McGill University Health Centre, Montreal, Quebec, Canada (M.A.T., M.-R.P., V.T., A.M.); UT Southwestern Medical Center, University of Texas, Southwestern, Dallas, TX (P.R., L.F.J.); University Hospitals Cleveland Medical Center, Cleveland, OH (B.H., A.L.); and Tandem Diabetes Care, San Diego, CA (J.E.P., R.S.-K.).

PMID: 41468073
DOI: 10.1097/OGX.0000000000001463

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Comment

A Randomized Trial of Automated Insulin Delivery in Type 2 Diabetes

Yogish C Kudva et al. Obstet Gynecol Surv. 2025.

Free article

. 2025 Nov 1;80(11):681-683.

doi: 10.1097/OGX.0000000000001463.

Authors

Affiliation

¹ Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes, Metabolism, and Nutrition, Department of Internal Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN (Y.C.K., D.D., C.K.); Jaeb Center for Health Research, Tampa, FL (D.R., J.W.L., T.C., C.S., L.K., C.K., R.W.B.); Diabetes and Endocrine Treatment Specialists, Sandy, UT (T.E.G., A.N.T., R.D.L.); Rocky Mountain Clinical Research, Idaho Falls, ID (D.L.); Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes, and Nutrition, Baltimore VA Medical Center, Baltimore, MD (E.K.S., L.G.S., J.C.); Division of Endocrinology, Emory University School of Medicine, Emory University, Atlanta, GA (F.J.P., G.M.D., F.Z.T.); Harold Schnitzer Diabetes Health Center, Oregon Health and Science University, Portland, OR (A.A., C.S., A.D.); Mary and Dick Allen Diabetes Center, Hoag Memorial Hospital Presbyterian, Newport Beach, CA (D.T.A., B.D.); Division of Endocrinology, Metabolism, and Molecular Medicine, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL (G.A., J.K., K.C., E.F.); Texas Diabetes and Endocrinology, Austin, TX (T.B., L.C., V.E., J.P.); Division of Endocrinology, Henry Ford Health System, Detroit, MI (D.K., J.K.J., K.E., S.M.); Division of Endocrinology, Center for Diabetes Technology, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA (S.A.B., S.A., J.D.); Division of Endocrinology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York (C.J.L., C.L., G.O., A.I.); and Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes, and Metabolism, Department of Medicine, SUNY Upstate Medical University, Syracuse (R.S.W., S.B.), NY; Boston Medical Center, Boston, MA (D.W.S., A.A.C.); Division of Endocrinology, St Joseph's Health Care, Lawson Health Research Institute, London, Ontario, Canada (T.S., S.L.L., M.D.); University of Washington School of Medicine, Seattle (I.B.H., X.A.); and Rainier Clinical Research Center, Renton (F.B., S.M.), WA; Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes, and Metabolism, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA (M.R.R., A.J.P., C.V.D.-B.); Research Institute of the McGill University Health Centre, Montreal, Quebec, Canada (M.A.T., M.-R.P., V.T., A.M.); UT Southwestern Medical Center, University of Texas, Southwestern, Dallas, TX (P.R., L.F.J.); University Hospitals Cleveland Medical Center, Cleveland, OH (B.H., A.L.); and Tandem Diabetes Care, San Diego, CA (J.E.P., R.S.-K.).

PMID: 41468073
DOI: 10.1097/OGX.0000000000001463

Abstract

(Abstracted from N Engl J Med 2025;392:1801-1812) Automated insulin delivery (AID) systems improve outcomes in type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM), but their role in type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) remains uncertain due to limited, small, or uncontrolled studies. Many patients achieve glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c) <7% with glucagon-like peptide 1 agonists or sodium-glucose cotransporter 2 inhibitors, but those who do not may benefit from AID.

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A Randomized Trial of Automated Insulin Delivery in Type 2 Diabetes.
Kudva YC, Raghinaru D, Lum JW, Graham TE, Liljenquist D, Spanakis EK, Pasquel FJ, Ahmann A, Ahn DT, Aleppo G, Blevins T, Kruger D, Brown SA, Levy CJ, Weinstock RS, Steenkamp DW, Spaic T, Hirsch IB, Broyles F, Rickels MR, Tsoukas MA, Raskin P, Hatipoglu B, Desjardins D, Terry AN, Singh LG, Davis GM, Schmid C, Kravarusic J, Coyne K, Casaubon L, Espinosa V, Jones JK, Estrada K, Afreen S, Levister C, O'Malley G, Liu SL, Marks S, Peleckis AJ, Pasqua MR, Tardio V, Kurek C, Luker RD, Churchill J, Tajrishi FZ, Dean A, Dennis B, Fronczyk E, Perez J, Mukhashen S, Dhillon J, Ipek A, Bzdick S, Atakov Castillo A, Driscoll M, Averkiou X, Dalton-Bakes CV, Moore A, Jordan LF, Lesniak A, Pinsker JE, Sasson-Katchalski R, Campos T, Spanbauer C, Kanapka L, Kollman C, Beck RW; 2IQP Study Group. Kudva YC, et al. N Engl J Med. 2025 May 8;392(18):1801-1812. doi: 10.1056/NEJMoa2415948. Epub 2025 Mar 19. N Engl J Med. 2025. PMID: 40105270 Clinical Trial.

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A Randomized Trial of Automated Insulin Delivery in Type 2 Diabetes

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A Randomized Trial of Automated Insulin Delivery in Type 2 Diabetes

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