Protocol for Establishing National Guidance for Idiopathic Granulomatous Mastitis (ENIGMA)

Shaneel Shah¹, Leah Argus¹, Goonj Johri², Daniel Ahari¹, Rute Castelhano¹, Sofia Christoforidis¹, Christopher Darlow^{3

4}, Iain Lyburn^{5

6

7}, Nisha Sharma⁸, Vijay Sharma^{3

4}, Rudresh Shukla⁹, Kavita Sethi⁸, Emma MacInnes⁸, Roisin Bradley¹⁰, Claudia Harding-Mackean¹¹, Karina Cox¹², Nazina Arafin¹, Cliona C Kirwan^{1

13}; North West Breast Research Collaborative

Collaborators, Affiliations

North West Breast Research Collaborative:
Shaneel Shah, Leah Argus, Daniel Ahari, Rute Castelhano, Sofia Christoforidis, Cliona C Kirwan

¹ The Nightingale Centre (Manchester University NHS Foundation Trust), Wythenshawe Hospital, University of Manchester, Manchester, UK.
² Princess Anne Hospital, University Hospital Southampton NHS Foundation Trust, Southampton, UK.
³ Infectious Diseases and Microbiology, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, UK.
⁴ Infectious Diseases and Microbiology, Liverpool University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Liverpool, UK.
⁵ Department of Radiology, Gloucestershire Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Cheltenham, UK.
⁶ Cobalt Medical Charity, Cheltenham, UK.
⁷ Cranfield University, Wiltshire, UK.
⁸ Department of Surgery and Department Radiology, Leeds Teaching Hospital NHS Trust, Leeds, UK.
⁹ NIHR Manchester Biomedical Research Centre, Manchester University NHS Foundation Trust, University of Manchester, Manchester, UK.
¹⁰ Department of Radiology, York and Scarborough NHS Foundation Trust, York, UK.
¹¹ Department of Breast Surgery, Countess of Chester Hospital NHS Foundation Trust, Chester, UK.
¹² Department of Breast Surgery, Maidstone and Tunbridge Wells NHS Trust, Maidstone, UK.
¹³ Division of Cancer Sciences, School of Medical Sciences, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, University of Manchester, Manchester, UK.

Shaneel Shah et al. BJS Open. 2025.

. 2025 Dec 29;10(1):zraf141.

doi: 10.1093/bjsopen/zraf141.

North West Breast Research Collaborative:
Shaneel Shah, Leah Argus, Daniel Ahari, Rute Castelhano, Sofia Christoforidis, Cliona C Kirwan

¹ The Nightingale Centre (Manchester University NHS Foundation Trust), Wythenshawe Hospital, University of Manchester, Manchester, UK.
² Princess Anne Hospital, University Hospital Southampton NHS Foundation Trust, Southampton, UK.
³ Infectious Diseases and Microbiology, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, UK.
⁴ Infectious Diseases and Microbiology, Liverpool University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Liverpool, UK.
⁵ Department of Radiology, Gloucestershire Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Cheltenham, UK.
⁶ Cobalt Medical Charity, Cheltenham, UK.
⁷ Cranfield University, Wiltshire, UK.
⁸ Department of Surgery and Department Radiology, Leeds Teaching Hospital NHS Trust, Leeds, UK.
⁹ NIHR Manchester Biomedical Research Centre, Manchester University NHS Foundation Trust, University of Manchester, Manchester, UK.
¹⁰ Department of Radiology, York and Scarborough NHS Foundation Trust, York, UK.
¹¹ Department of Breast Surgery, Countess of Chester Hospital NHS Foundation Trust, Chester, UK.
¹² Department of Breast Surgery, Maidstone and Tunbridge Wells NHS Trust, Maidstone, UK.
¹³ Division of Cancer Sciences, School of Medical Sciences, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, University of Manchester, Manchester, UK.

No abstract available

Figures

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1. Azizi A, Prasath V, Canner J, Gharib M, Sadat Fattahi A, Naser Forghani M et al. Idiopathic granulomatous mastitis: management and predictors of recurrence in 474 patients. Breast J 2020;26:1358–1362 - PubMed
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1. Sarkar DK, Banerjee R, Gupta S, Singhal AK, Halder A. Management of idiopathic granulomatous mastitis: a prospective study. Ann R Coll Surg Engl 2023;105:218–224 - PMC - PubMed