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. 2026 Mar;23(3):e71090.
doi: 10.1002/cbdv.71090.

Tithdiverolides A-C, New Terpene Lactones from Tithonia diversifolia

Yuan Wang  1 , Lei Li  2 , Ze-Qing Li  1 , Cheng-You Lin  1 , Rong Chao  1 , Tian-Hua Zhong  1
Affiliations

Tithdiverolides A-C, New Terpene Lactones from Tithonia diversifolia

Yuan Wang et al. Chem Biodivers. 2026 Mar.

Abstract

Two undescribed sesquiterpene lactones, tithdiverolides A and B (1 and 2), and a rare meroterpene lactone, tithdiverolide C (3), as well as seven known sesquiterpenoids (4-7) and monoterpenoids (8-10), were obtained from Tithonia diversifolia (Asteraceae). Structural identification of these compounds relied on a synergistic combination of spectroscopic and computational methods, including NMR, HRESIMS, GIAO NMR calculations with DP4+ probability analysis, and ECD calculations. Chemically, compounds 1 and 2 were eudesmane and cadinane sesquiterpene lactones, respectively, while compound 3 was a rare meroterpene lactone possessing monoterpenoid-methyl ketone hybrid. Biologically, compound 3 exhibited NO inhibitory activity with an IC50 of 33.5 ± 1.3 µM.

Keywords: NO inhibitory activity; Tithonia diversifolia; meroterpenoid; sesquiterpenoid; tithdiverolides A−C.

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