Skip to main page content
U.S. flag

An official website of the United States government

Dot gov

The .gov means it’s official.
Federal government websites often end in .gov or .mil. Before sharing sensitive information, make sure you’re on a federal government site.

Https

The site is secure.
The https:// ensures that you are connecting to the official website and that any information you provide is encrypted and transmitted securely.

Access keys NCBI Homepage MyNCBI Homepage Main Content Main Navigation
. 2026 Mar 10;56(3):105264.
doi: 10.1016/j.idnow.2026.105264. Online ahead of print.

HIV reservoir dynamics according to the timing of antiretroviral therapy initiation or modification

Pierre Gantner  1 , Christine Cheneau  2 , Jakub Kowalczyk  3 , Jean-Pierre Faller  4 , Martin Martinot  5 , Mahsa Mosheni-Zadeh  5 , Anne Fuchs  2 , David Rey  2 , Samira Fafi-Kremer  6
Affiliations
Free article

HIV reservoir dynamics according to the timing of antiretroviral therapy initiation or modification

Pierre Gantner et al. Infect Dis Now. .
Free article

Abstract

Introduction: HIV reservoir is the main barrier to HIV cure but its size dynamics on antiretroviral therapy (ART) in various clinical settings is poorly characterized.

Methods: Responders to a dolutegravir-based regimen (DBR) enrolled in the DRONE study were analyzed for longitudinal total HIV DNA and immune activation biomarkers (sCD14, sCD163, IL-6, IP-10).

Results: Overall, 169 participants were allocated to various groups: ART-naive acute infections (AI, n = 20) or chronic infections (CI, n = 21), and ART-treated individuals in virological success (VS, n = 116) or failure (VF, n = 12). HIV DNA significantly decreased at W48 of successful DBR in the AI (median: -1.3log10copies/million PBMCs), CI (-0.6), and VF (-0.5) groups, but not in the VS group. Activation biomarkers decreased on DBR only for individuals with ongoing HIV replication at baseline.

Conclusion: Successful DBR was associated with rapid HIV DNA decline in ART-naive and ART-failing individuals but not in the context of ART switch.

Keywords: Acute infection; HIV DNA; HIV reservoir; Inflammation; Integrase inhibitor.

PubMed Disclaimer

Conflict of interest statement

Declaration of Competing Interest The authors declare that they have no known competing financial interests or personal relationships that could have appeared to influence the work reported in this paper.

LinkOut - more resources