doi: 10.1097/CCM.0000000000007075.
Online ahead of print.
Surviving Sepsis Campaign: International Guidelines for Management of Sepsis and Septic Shock 2026
Hallie C Prescott
1
2
, Massimo Antonelli
3
4
, Waleed Alhazzani
5
6
7
, Morten Hylander Møller
8
9
, Fayez Alshamsi
10
, Luciano C P Azevedo
11
, Emilie Belley-Cote
12
13
14
, Jan De Waele
15
16
, Lennie Derde
17
18
, Joanna C Dionne
19
20
, Laura Evans
21
, Hayley B Gershengorn
22
23
, Carol L Hodgson
24
25
, Kimia Honarmand
26
27
, Jozef Kesecioglu
28
, Lauralyn McIntyre
29
30
, Mervyn Mer
31
, Mark E Nunnally
32
, Simon J W Oczkowski
20
27
, Bram Rochwerg
20
27
, Olurotimi Olaolu Akinola
33
, Kwame A Akuamoah-Boateng
34
, Laura Alberto
35
36
, Derek C Angus
37
, Yaseen M Arabi
38
, Elie Azoulay
39
, Maurizio Cecconi
40
41
, Pauline F Convocar
42
43
44
, Gennaro De Pascale
3
4
, Kent Doi
45
, Bin Du
46
, Moritoki Egi
47
, Marie-Carmelle Elie-Turenne
48
49
, Ricard Ferrer
50
51
, Alison Fox-Robichaud
52
53
, Craig French
24
54
, Yonathan Freund
55
56
, Michelle Ng Gong
57
, Caleb P Hale
58
, Naomi E Hammond
59
60
, Madiha Hashmi
61
, Leo Heunks
62
, Theodore J Iwashyna
63
64
, Shevin T Jacob
65
66
, Michael Klompas
67
68
, Arthur Kwizera
69
, Murdoch Leeies
70
71
, Joanna D Lejnieks
72
, Mitchell M Levy
73
, Flavia R Machado
74
, Marcelo O Maia
75
76
77
, Henry Masur
78
, Ryan C Maves
79
80
, Steven McGloughlin
25
81
, Joanne McPeake
82
, Nicholas M Mohr
83
84
85
, Sheila Nainan Myatra
86
, Marlies Ostermann
87
88
, Sandra L Peake
89
90
91
, Mathias W Pletz
92
93
, Jason A Roberts
94
95
96
, Regis G Rosa
97
98
99
, Robert G Sawyer
100
, Christa A Schorr
101
102
, Steven Q Simpson
103
, Li Weng
104
, W Joost Wiersinga
105
106
107
, Andrew Rhodes
108
, Craig M Coopersmith
109
Affiliations
Affiliations
- 1 Department of Internal Medicine, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI.
- 2 VA Center for Clinical Management Research, VA Ann Arbor Healthcare System, Ann Arbor, MI.
- 3 Department of Anesthesia and Intensive Care Medicine, Fondazione Poiliclinico Universitario A.Gemelli IRCCS, Rome, Italy.
- 4 Medical School, Catholic University of Sacred Heart, Rome, Italy.
- 5 Health Research Center, Ministry of Defense Health Services, Riyadh, Saudi Arbia.
- 6 Department of Critical Care and Internal Medicine, College of Medicine, Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University, Dammam, Saudi Arabia.
- 7 Department of Critical Care, College of Medicine, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.
- 8 Department of Intensive Care, Copenhagen University Hospital-Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen, Denmark.
- 9 Department of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark.
- 10 Department of Internal Medicine, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, United Arab Emirates University, Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates.
- 11 Academic Research Organization, Hospital Israelita Albert Einstein, São Paulo, Brazil.
- 12 Divisions of Cardiology and Critical Care, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada.
- 13 Population Health Research Institute, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada.
- 14 World Health Research Trust, Hamilton, ON, Canada.
- 15 Department of Intensive Care Medicine, Ghent University Hospital, Ghent, Belgium.
- 16 Department of Internal Medicine and Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium.
- 17 UMC Utrecht, Intensive Care Center, Utrecht, Utrecht, the Netherlands.
- 18 Julius Center for Health Sciences and Primary Care, Utrecht, Utrecht, the Netherlands.
- 19 Department of Medicine, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada.
- 20 Department of Health Research Methods, Evidence and Impact, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada.
- 21 Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care and Sleep Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, WA.
- 22 Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care, and Sleep Medicine; Department of Medicine; University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL.
- 23 Division of Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, New York, NY.
- 24 Australian and New Zealand Intensive Care Research Centre, School of Public Health and Preventive Medicine, Monash University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia.
- 25 Intensive Care Unit, Alfred Health, Melbourne, VIC, Australia.
- 26 Division of Critical Care, Department of Medicine, Mackenzie Health, Vaughan, ON, Canada.
- 27 Division of Critical Care, Department of Medicine, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada.
- 28 Department of Intensive Care Medicine, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht University, Utrecht, the Netherlands.
- 29 Department of Medicine, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON, Canada.
- 30 Division of Critical Care, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON, Canada.
- 31 Divisions of Critical Care and Pulmonology, Department of Medicine, Charlotte Maxeke Johannesburg Academic Hospital and Faculty of Health Sciences, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, South Africa.
- 32 Department of Anesthesiology, Perioperative Care and Pain Medicine, New York University, New York, NY.
- 33 Department of Emergency Medicine, University College Hospital, Ibadan, Nigeria.
- 34 Division of Acute Care Surgical Services, VCU Trauma, Richmond, VA.
- 35 Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET), Instituto de Investigación en Medicina y Ciencias de la Salud (IIMCS), Facultad de Medicina, Universidad del Salvador (USAL), Ciudad de Buenos Aires, Argentina.
- 36 Escuela de Enfermería, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad del Salvador, Ciudad de Buenos Aires, Argentina.
- 37 University of Pittsburgh, Schools of the Health Sciences, Pittsburgh, PA.
- 38 Intensive Care Department, King Abdulaziz Medical City, Ministry of National Guard Health Affairs, King Saud Bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences, King Abdullah International Medical Research Center, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.
- 39 Department of Intensive Care Medicine, Université Paris Cité, Paris, France.
- 40 Biomedical Sciences Department, Humanitas University, Milan, Italy.
- 41 IRCCS Humanitas Research Hospital, Milan, Italy.
- 42 Department of Emergency Medicine, Manila Doctors Hospital, Manila, Philippines.
- 43 Department of Emergency Medicine, Corazon Locsin Montelibano Memorial Regional Hospital, Bacolod City, Philippines.
- 44 Department of Emergency Medicine, Southern Philippines Medical Center, Davao City, Philippines.
- 45 Department of Emergency and Critical Care Medicine, University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan.
- 46 Medical ICU, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Beijing, China.
- 47 Department of Anesthesia and Intensive Care, Kyoto University Hospital, Kyoto, Japan.
- 48 Department of Emergency Medicine, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL.
- 49 Department of Emergency Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL.
- 50 Intensive Care Department, SODIR Research Group. Hospital Vall d'Hebron. Barcelona, Spain.
- 51 Department of Medicine, Universitat Autonoma Barcelona, Cerdanyola del Vallès, Spain.
- 52 Department of Critical Care Medicine, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada.
- 53 Department of Critical Care, Hamilton Health Sciences, Hamilton, ON Canada.
- 54 Department of Critical Care, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Australia.
- 55 Sorbonne University, Paris, France.
- 56 Department of Emergency, Hôpital Pitié-Salpetriere, Assistance Publique Hôpitaux de Paris, France.
- 57 Division of Critical Care Medicine, Division of Pulmonary Medicine, Department of Medicine, Montefiore Medical Center, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY.
- 58 Section of Hospital Medicine, Division of General Medicine, Department of Medicine, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Boston, MA.
- 59 Critical Care Program, The George Institute for Global Health, UNSW Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia.
- 60 Malcolm Fisher Department of Intensive Care, Royal North Shore Hospital, Northern Sydney Local Health District, St Leonards, NSW, Australia.
- 61 Department of Critical Care Medicine, Ziauddin University, Karachi, Sindh, Pakistan.
- 62 Department of Intensive Care medicine, Radboud University Medical Center Nijmegen, The Netherlands.
- 63 Department of Medicine, Johns Hopkins, Baltimore, MD.
- 64 Department of Health Policy and Management, Johns Hopkins, Baltimore, MD.
- 65 Liverpool School of Tropical Medicine, Department of Clinical Sciences, Liverpool, United Kingdom.
- 66 Walimu, Kampala, Uganda.
- 67 Department of Population Medicine, Harvard Medical School and Harvard Pilgrim Health Care Institute, Boston, MA.
- 68 Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA.
- 69 Department of Anaesthesia, Makerere University College of health sciences, Kampala, Uganda.
- 70 Section of Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB, Canada.
- 71 Department of Emergency Medicine, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB, Canada.
- 72 Hoag Hospital Memorial Presbyterian, Newport Beach, CA.
- 73 Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care and Sleep Medicine, Warren Alpert Medical School, Providence, RI.
- 74 Intensive Care Department, Hospital São Paulo, Escola Paulista de Medicina Universidade Federal de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil.
- 75 Department of Intensive Care Medicine, Hospital Anchieta ICU Complex, Brasília, Federal District, Brazil.
- 76 University of Brasília (UnB), Brasília, Federal District, Brazil.
- 77 Escola Superior de Ciências da Saúde (ESCS), Brasília, Federal District, Brazil.
- 78 Bethesda, MD.
- 79 Section of Infectious Diseases, Department of Internal Medicine, Wake Forest University School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC.
- 80 Section of Critical Care Medicine, Department of Anesthesiology, Wake Forest University School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC.
- 81 School of Public Health, Monash University Victoria, Melbourne, VIC, Australia.
- 82 Healthcare Improvement Studies Institute, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom.
- 83 Department of Emergency Medicine, University of Iowa Carver College of Medicine, Iowa City, IA.
- 84 Department of Anesthesia Critical Care, University of Iowa Carver College of Medicine, Iowa City, IA.
- 85 Department of Epidemiology, University of Iowa College of Public Health, Iowa City, IA.
- 86 Department of Anaesthesiology, Critical Care and Pain, Tata Memorial Hospital, Homi Bhabha National Institute, Mumbai, Maharashtra, India.
- 87 Department of Intensive Care, Guy's & St Thomas' Hospital, London, United Kingdom.
- 88 King's College London, London, United Kingdom.
- 89 Department of Intensive Care Medicine, The Queen Elizabeth Hospital, Adelaide, SA, Australia.
- 90 Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, SA, Australia.
- 91 School of Epidemiology and Preventive Medicine, Monash University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia.
- 92 Institute of Infectious Diseases and Infection Control, Jena University Hospital/Friedrich Schiller University, Jena, Germany.
- 93 Center for Sepsis Care and Control, Jena University Hospital/Friedrich Schiller University, Jena, Germany.
- 94 University of Queensland Centre for Clinical Research, Faculty of Health Medicine and Behavioural Sciences, University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD, Australia.
- 95 Herston Infectious Diseases Institute (HeIDI), Metro North Health, Brisbane, QLD, Australia.
- 96 Division of Anesthesia Critical Care and Emergency and Pain Medicine, University of Montpellier, Nimes University Hospital, Nimes, France.
- 97 Department of Internal Medicine, Hospital Moinhos de Vento, Porto Alegre, Brazil.
- 98 Postgraduate Program in Pneumological Sciences, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil.
- 99 Faculty of Medicine, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil.
- 100 Department of Surgery Kalamazoo, Western Michigan University Homer Stryker MD, School of Medicine, MI.
- 101 Cooper Research Institute (Critical Care), Camden, NJ.
- 102 Cooper Medical School, Rowan University, Camden, NJ.
- 103 Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care, and Sleep Medicine, University of Kansas, Kansas City, Kansas City, KS.
- 104 Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Beijing, China.
- 105 Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, Amsterdam UMC, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
- 106 Center for Infection and Molecular Medicine (CIMM), Amsterdam UMC, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
- 107 ESCMID Study Group for Bloodstream Infections, Endocarditis, and Sepsis (ESGBIES), European Society of Clinical Microbiology and Infectious Diseases (ESCMID), Basel, Switzerland.
- 108 Adult Critical Care, St George's University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, London, United Kingdom.
- 109 Department of Surgery and Emory Critical Care Center, Emory University, Atlanta, GA.
- PMID: 41869847
- DOI: 10.1097/CCM.0000000000007075
Item in Clipboard
Surviving Sepsis Campaign: International Guidelines for Management of Sepsis and Septic Shock 2026
Hallie C Prescott et al.
Crit Care Med.
.
Display options
Format
doi: 10.1097/CCM.0000000000007075.
Online ahead of print.
Authors
Hallie C Prescott
1
2
, Massimo Antonelli
3
4
, Waleed Alhazzani
5
6
7
, Morten Hylander Møller
8
9
, Fayez Alshamsi
10
, Luciano C P Azevedo
11
, Emilie Belley-Cote
12
13
14
, Jan De Waele
15
16
, Lennie Derde
17
18
, Joanna C Dionne
19
20
, Laura Evans
21
, Hayley B Gershengorn
22
23
, Carol L Hodgson
24
25
, Kimia Honarmand
26
27
, Jozef Kesecioglu
28
, Lauralyn McIntyre
29
30
, Mervyn Mer
31
, Mark E Nunnally
32
, Simon J W Oczkowski
20
27
, Bram Rochwerg
20
27
, Olurotimi Olaolu Akinola
33
, Kwame A Akuamoah-Boateng
34
, Laura Alberto
35
36
, Derek C Angus
37
, Yaseen M Arabi
38
, Elie Azoulay
39
, Maurizio Cecconi
40
41
, Pauline F Convocar
42
43
44
, Gennaro De Pascale
3
4
, Kent Doi
45
, Bin Du
46
, Moritoki Egi
47
, Marie-Carmelle Elie-Turenne
48
49
, Ricard Ferrer
50
51
, Alison Fox-Robichaud
52
53
, Craig French
24
54
, Yonathan Freund
55
56
, Michelle Ng Gong
57
, Caleb P Hale
58
, Naomi E Hammond
59
60
, Madiha Hashmi
61
, Leo Heunks
62
, Theodore J Iwashyna
63
64
, Shevin T Jacob
65
66
, Michael Klompas
67
68
, Arthur Kwizera
69
, Murdoch Leeies
70
71
, Joanna D Lejnieks
72
, Mitchell M Levy
73
, Flavia R Machado
74
, Marcelo O Maia
75
76
77
, Henry Masur
78
, Ryan C Maves
79
80
, Steven McGloughlin
25
81
, Joanne McPeake
82
, Nicholas M Mohr
83
84
85
, Sheila Nainan Myatra
86
, Marlies Ostermann
87
88
, Sandra L Peake
89
90
91
, Mathias W Pletz
92
93
, Jason A Roberts
94
95
96
, Regis G Rosa
97
98
99
, Robert G Sawyer
100
, Christa A Schorr
101
102
, Steven Q Simpson
103
, Li Weng
104
, W Joost Wiersinga
105
106
107
, Andrew Rhodes
108
, Craig M Coopersmith
109
Affiliations
- 1 Department of Internal Medicine, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI.
- 2 VA Center for Clinical Management Research, VA Ann Arbor Healthcare System, Ann Arbor, MI.
- 3 Department of Anesthesia and Intensive Care Medicine, Fondazione Poiliclinico Universitario A.Gemelli IRCCS, Rome, Italy.
- 4 Medical School, Catholic University of Sacred Heart, Rome, Italy.
- 5 Health Research Center, Ministry of Defense Health Services, Riyadh, Saudi Arbia.
- 6 Department of Critical Care and Internal Medicine, College of Medicine, Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University, Dammam, Saudi Arabia.
- 7 Department of Critical Care, College of Medicine, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.
- 8 Department of Intensive Care, Copenhagen University Hospital-Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen, Denmark.
- 9 Department of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark.
- 10 Department of Internal Medicine, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, United Arab Emirates University, Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates.
- 11 Academic Research Organization, Hospital Israelita Albert Einstein, São Paulo, Brazil.
- 12 Divisions of Cardiology and Critical Care, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada.
- 13 Population Health Research Institute, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada.
- 14 World Health Research Trust, Hamilton, ON, Canada.
- 15 Department of Intensive Care Medicine, Ghent University Hospital, Ghent, Belgium.
- 16 Department of Internal Medicine and Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium.
- 17 UMC Utrecht, Intensive Care Center, Utrecht, Utrecht, the Netherlands.
- 18 Julius Center for Health Sciences and Primary Care, Utrecht, Utrecht, the Netherlands.
- 19 Department of Medicine, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada.
- 20 Department of Health Research Methods, Evidence and Impact, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada.
- 21 Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care and Sleep Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, WA.
- 22 Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care, and Sleep Medicine; Department of Medicine; University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL.
- 23 Division of Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, New York, NY.
- 24 Australian and New Zealand Intensive Care Research Centre, School of Public Health and Preventive Medicine, Monash University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia.
- 25 Intensive Care Unit, Alfred Health, Melbourne, VIC, Australia.
- 26 Division of Critical Care, Department of Medicine, Mackenzie Health, Vaughan, ON, Canada.
- 27 Division of Critical Care, Department of Medicine, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada.
- 28 Department of Intensive Care Medicine, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht University, Utrecht, the Netherlands.
- 29 Department of Medicine, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON, Canada.
- 30 Division of Critical Care, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON, Canada.
- 31 Divisions of Critical Care and Pulmonology, Department of Medicine, Charlotte Maxeke Johannesburg Academic Hospital and Faculty of Health Sciences, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, South Africa.
- 32 Department of Anesthesiology, Perioperative Care and Pain Medicine, New York University, New York, NY.
- 33 Department of Emergency Medicine, University College Hospital, Ibadan, Nigeria.
- 34 Division of Acute Care Surgical Services, VCU Trauma, Richmond, VA.
- 35 Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET), Instituto de Investigación en Medicina y Ciencias de la Salud (IIMCS), Facultad de Medicina, Universidad del Salvador (USAL), Ciudad de Buenos Aires, Argentina.
- 36 Escuela de Enfermería, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad del Salvador, Ciudad de Buenos Aires, Argentina.
- 37 University of Pittsburgh, Schools of the Health Sciences, Pittsburgh, PA.
- 38 Intensive Care Department, King Abdulaziz Medical City, Ministry of National Guard Health Affairs, King Saud Bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences, King Abdullah International Medical Research Center, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.
- 39 Department of Intensive Care Medicine, Université Paris Cité, Paris, France.
- 40 Biomedical Sciences Department, Humanitas University, Milan, Italy.
- 41 IRCCS Humanitas Research Hospital, Milan, Italy.
- 42 Department of Emergency Medicine, Manila Doctors Hospital, Manila, Philippines.
- 43 Department of Emergency Medicine, Corazon Locsin Montelibano Memorial Regional Hospital, Bacolod City, Philippines.
- 44 Department of Emergency Medicine, Southern Philippines Medical Center, Davao City, Philippines.
- 45 Department of Emergency and Critical Care Medicine, University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan.
- 46 Medical ICU, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Beijing, China.
- 47 Department of Anesthesia and Intensive Care, Kyoto University Hospital, Kyoto, Japan.
- 48 Department of Emergency Medicine, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL.
- 49 Department of Emergency Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL.
- 50 Intensive Care Department, SODIR Research Group. Hospital Vall d'Hebron. Barcelona, Spain.
- 51 Department of Medicine, Universitat Autonoma Barcelona, Cerdanyola del Vallès, Spain.
- 52 Department of Critical Care Medicine, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada.
- 53 Department of Critical Care, Hamilton Health Sciences, Hamilton, ON Canada.
- 54 Department of Critical Care, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Australia.
- 55 Sorbonne University, Paris, France.
- 56 Department of Emergency, Hôpital Pitié-Salpetriere, Assistance Publique Hôpitaux de Paris, France.
- 57 Division of Critical Care Medicine, Division of Pulmonary Medicine, Department of Medicine, Montefiore Medical Center, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY.
- 58 Section of Hospital Medicine, Division of General Medicine, Department of Medicine, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Boston, MA.
- 59 Critical Care Program, The George Institute for Global Health, UNSW Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia.
- 60 Malcolm Fisher Department of Intensive Care, Royal North Shore Hospital, Northern Sydney Local Health District, St Leonards, NSW, Australia.
- 61 Department of Critical Care Medicine, Ziauddin University, Karachi, Sindh, Pakistan.
- 62 Department of Intensive Care medicine, Radboud University Medical Center Nijmegen, The Netherlands.
- 63 Department of Medicine, Johns Hopkins, Baltimore, MD.
- 64 Department of Health Policy and Management, Johns Hopkins, Baltimore, MD.
- 65 Liverpool School of Tropical Medicine, Department of Clinical Sciences, Liverpool, United Kingdom.
- 66 Walimu, Kampala, Uganda.
- 67 Department of Population Medicine, Harvard Medical School and Harvard Pilgrim Health Care Institute, Boston, MA.
- 68 Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA.
- 69 Department of Anaesthesia, Makerere University College of health sciences, Kampala, Uganda.
- 70 Section of Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB, Canada.
- 71 Department of Emergency Medicine, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB, Canada.
- 72 Hoag Hospital Memorial Presbyterian, Newport Beach, CA.
- 73 Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care and Sleep Medicine, Warren Alpert Medical School, Providence, RI.
- 74 Intensive Care Department, Hospital São Paulo, Escola Paulista de Medicina Universidade Federal de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil.
- 75 Department of Intensive Care Medicine, Hospital Anchieta ICU Complex, Brasília, Federal District, Brazil.
- 76 University of Brasília (UnB), Brasília, Federal District, Brazil.
- 77 Escola Superior de Ciências da Saúde (ESCS), Brasília, Federal District, Brazil.
- 78 Bethesda, MD.
- 79 Section of Infectious Diseases, Department of Internal Medicine, Wake Forest University School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC.
- 80 Section of Critical Care Medicine, Department of Anesthesiology, Wake Forest University School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC.
- 81 School of Public Health, Monash University Victoria, Melbourne, VIC, Australia.
- 82 Healthcare Improvement Studies Institute, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom.
- 83 Department of Emergency Medicine, University of Iowa Carver College of Medicine, Iowa City, IA.
- 84 Department of Anesthesia Critical Care, University of Iowa Carver College of Medicine, Iowa City, IA.
- 85 Department of Epidemiology, University of Iowa College of Public Health, Iowa City, IA.
- 86 Department of Anaesthesiology, Critical Care and Pain, Tata Memorial Hospital, Homi Bhabha National Institute, Mumbai, Maharashtra, India.
- 87 Department of Intensive Care, Guy's & St Thomas' Hospital, London, United Kingdom.
- 88 King's College London, London, United Kingdom.
- 89 Department of Intensive Care Medicine, The Queen Elizabeth Hospital, Adelaide, SA, Australia.
- 90 Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, SA, Australia.
- 91 School of Epidemiology and Preventive Medicine, Monash University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia.
- 92 Institute of Infectious Diseases and Infection Control, Jena University Hospital/Friedrich Schiller University, Jena, Germany.
- 93 Center for Sepsis Care and Control, Jena University Hospital/Friedrich Schiller University, Jena, Germany.
- 94 University of Queensland Centre for Clinical Research, Faculty of Health Medicine and Behavioural Sciences, University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD, Australia.
- 95 Herston Infectious Diseases Institute (HeIDI), Metro North Health, Brisbane, QLD, Australia.
- 96 Division of Anesthesia Critical Care and Emergency and Pain Medicine, University of Montpellier, Nimes University Hospital, Nimes, France.
- 97 Department of Internal Medicine, Hospital Moinhos de Vento, Porto Alegre, Brazil.
- 98 Postgraduate Program in Pneumological Sciences, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil.
- 99 Faculty of Medicine, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil.
- 100 Department of Surgery Kalamazoo, Western Michigan University Homer Stryker MD, School of Medicine, MI.
- 101 Cooper Research Institute (Critical Care), Camden, NJ.
- 102 Cooper Medical School, Rowan University, Camden, NJ.
- 103 Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care, and Sleep Medicine, University of Kansas, Kansas City, Kansas City, KS.
- 104 Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Beijing, China.
- 105 Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, Amsterdam UMC, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
- 106 Center for Infection and Molecular Medicine (CIMM), Amsterdam UMC, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
- 107 ESCMID Study Group for Bloodstream Infections, Endocarditis, and Sepsis (ESGBIES), European Society of Clinical Microbiology and Infectious Diseases (ESCMID), Basel, Switzerland.
- 108 Adult Critical Care, St George's University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, London, United Kingdom.
- 109 Department of Surgery and Emory Critical Care Center, Emory University, Atlanta, GA.
- PMID: 41869847
- DOI: 10.1097/CCM.0000000000007075
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References
-
- Singer M, Deutschman CS, Seymour CW, et al.: The third international consensus definitions for sepsis and septic shock (Sepsis-3). JAMA 2016; 315:801–810
-
- Reinhart K, Daniels R, Kissoon N, et al.: Recognizing sepsis as a global health priority - A WHO resolution. N Engl J Med 2017; 377:414–417
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- Meyer NJ, Prescott HC: Sepsis and septic shock. N Engl J Med 2024; 391:2133–2146
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- Rudd KE, Johnson SC, Agesa KM, et al.: Global, regional, and national sepsis incidence and mortality, 1990-2017: Analysis for the global burden of disease study. Lancet 2020; 395:200–211
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- Global Sepsis Alliance. 2030 Global Agenda for Sepsis; Making the Next Success Story in Global Health. Available at: https://static1.squarespace.com/static/58a7025b8419c215b30b2df3/t/67d187... . Accessed September 27, 2025
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