In vitro studies with Modoc virus in Vero cells: plaque assay and kinetics of growth, neutralization, and thermal inactivation

Abstract

A sensitive and quantitative assay system is described for plaquing Modoc virus in Vero cells. Neutralizing antibodies to Modoc virus could be detected by using this in vitro system by their interference with viral plaque formation. Virus was readily neutralized within 30 min at 37 C by a 1:10 dilution of hyperimmune hamster serum. The rate of neutralization and the total amount of virus neutralized was not altered significantly by the addition of 20 U of guinea pig complement to the hyperimmune hamster serum. A study of the growth of Modoc virus in Vero cells is also presented. After an initial latent period of 20 h, viral titer increased exponentially for 20 h. By 83 h after infection, 8,000 plaque-forming units of virus were detected per cell. The stability of viral infectivity in phosphate-buffered saline at pH 7.4 was evaluated. No reduction in viral titer was detected after 3 days at 7 or 22 C. A continuous decrease in infectivity at 37 C was observed, however, throughout the observation period.