The primary immune response in mice. 3. Retention of sheep red blood cell immunogens by the spleen and liver

Abstract

The antibody-inducing activities of foreign red blood cell immunogens sequestered in the spleens and livers of mice injected with sheep erythrocytes were evaluated during the early periods of the immune response. Estimates of immunogenicity, obtained from the magnitudes of anti-sheep red blood cell hemolysin responses evoked in sensitized recipient mice by subcellular tissue fractions prepared from these phagocytic organs, showed that the liver and spleen differ greatly in their handling of this particulate antigen. The liver, functioning primarily as a scavenger organ, destroys completely the immunogenicity of the heterologous erythrocytes in 12 hr. In contrast, the spleen handles foreign erythrocyte immunogens in at least two different ways: approximately 90% of the initially sequestered activity is rapidly destroyed by the spleen in 6 hr, but the remaining activity, associated chiefly with a tissue fraction possessing the sedimentation properties of "light mitochondria," is retained at a significant level for 3 days, and then progressively decreases to a low level until the 7th day. A correlation of the observed changes in the properties of the immunogenic tissue fraction with known cellular events in the spleen stimulated by antigens indicates that the retention of the degradable erythrocyte immunogen is essential for stimulating and maintaining immune reactions in this antibody-producing organ.