Lysis inhibition in Escherichia coli infected with bacteriophage T4

Abstract

A technique of continuous filtration of T4-infected Escherichia coli has been devised to study the phenomenon of lysis inhibition. Studies using this technique revealed that the length of the lysis delay caused by superinfection can attain only certain discrete values, which for low average multiplicity of superinfection is thought to be a reflection of the actual number of superinfecting particles per cell. The time interval between primary and superinfection had little effect on the length of lysis delay. With increasing rate of superinfection, the length of lysis delay decreased. In superinfected cells, the concentration of endolysin exceeded the final concentration in nonsuperinfected cells. Superinfection of a lysing culture induced lysis inhibition immediately. Temperature-shift experiments, with cells primarily infected by a temperature-sensitive endolysin mutant, revealed that after the normal latent period superinfection was unable to induce lysis inhibition. Amber-restrictive cells, which were primarily infected by an endolysin negative amber mutant, released adenosine triphosphate (ATP) at the end of the normal latent period although lysis did not occur. Superinfection reduced the loss of ATP markedly. The hypothetical role of the cytoplasmic membrane in lysis inhibition is discussed.