Binding of complement by complexes between antibodies to nucleic acid constituents and short oligodeoxyribonucleotides

Abstract

Oligodeoxyribonucleotides act as inhibitors of the complement fixation caused by complexes between antibodies to defined oligodeoxyribonucleotides and denatured DNA. At concentrations higher than 50 micrograms oligodeoxyribonucleotide/ml complement fixation occurred in the absence of antigen. The extent of complement binding depends on the specificity of the antibodies as well as on the composition of the oligodeoxyribonucleotides. Complement fixation is observed most strongly with antisera to oligodeoxyribonucleotides and to denatured DNA, which belong predominantly to the IgM class. With two LE-sera, containing antibodies to denatured and to native DNA, no complement fixation was found. It is supposed that specific interactions of the oligodeoxyribonucleotides with amino acid residues closely neighbored to the antibody combining site lead to conformational changes in the antibody molecules and to an activation of the complement binding site.