Enhancement of immune cellular agglutination by use of an avidin-biotin system

Abstract

Classically, one can increase the titer of an agglutinating or first antibody with an antiglobulin or second antibody. We have used an avidin-biotin system in place of antiglobulin to similarly extend the agglutination by an initial anticellular antibody. Erythrocytes were agglutinated by adding in succession, caproylamidobiotin-antibody, avidin, and extender (caproylamidobiotin-macromolecule). The macromolecules evaluated as extenders, in order of increasing potency, were fibrinogen, albumin, succinylated polylysine, and ribonuclease A. From comparative testing, we found that antiglobulin raised the titer of antibody from 2560 to 20,480, and the avidin-biotin tool raised the titer of caproylamidobiotin-antibody from 2560 to 10,240 without extender and to 81,820 with an extender of caproylamidobiotin-ribonuclease. Thus noncovalent extenders add to the capability of the avidin-biotin system to facilitate and substitute for an antibody.