Beri-Beri heart disease

Abstract

Beri-beri heart disease is a distinctive clinical entity which must be distinguished from alcoholic cardiomyopathy and other forms of heart disease in chronic alcoholics. A 27-year-old man is described who for six months before the onset of symptoms of right heart failure-admitted to hospital with dyspnea and pitting edema in the lower limbs and over the sacrum-had lived over a tavern and consumed 24 pints of beer daily.The pathophysiology of beri-beri heart disease includes right heart failure, edema and peripheral vasodilatation in the muscular bed. These features were described by Wenckebach and others as early as 1928. Within the main entity, beri-beri heart disease, a number of sub-groups with special features and prognosis such as acute pernicious beri-beri have been described. Beri-beri heart disease is due to vitamin B(1) deficiency and is curable if this deficiency is corrected in time.