Effect of the antiarrhythmic agent flecainide acetate on acute and chronic pacing thresholds

Abstract

To determine the effect of flecainide acetate, a Class IC antiarrhythmic drug, The medication was given to 28 patients with ventricular pacing electrodes. Eleven patients with temporary pacing electrodes (Group I) received intravenous flecainide (2 mg/kg over 10 minutes). Ten patients with chronic permanent electrodes (Group II) were given the same dose at the time of elective pulse generator change. Seven, with implanted multiprogrammable pacemakers capable of threshold analysis (Group III), were given intravenous flecainide and 5 of these were then given the drug orally for up to 3 weeks (100 mg/day increasing to 400 mg/day). In Group I the threshold measured at a pulse width of 0.5 ms rose from a control value of 0.66 to 1.44 volts after 10 minutes (p less than 0.01). In Group II the threshold rose from 1.73 to 2.13 volts (p less than 0.01) and 2 patients had total suppression of their ventricular escape rhythm for approximately one hour. In Group III patients, intravenous flecainide resulted in a rise escape rhythm for approximately one hour. In Group III patients, intravenous flecainide resulted in a rise of the pulse width threshold measured at 2.7 volts from 0.14 to 0.22 ms (p less than 0.02) and at 4.9 volts from 0.06 to 0.11 ms (p less than 0.05) after 10 minutes. After 3 weeks of oral therapy the threshold at 2.7 volts had risen to 0.11 ms /ms (p less than 0.05 after 10 minutes. After 3 weeks of oral therapy the threshold at 2.7 volts had risen from 0.09 to 0.28 ms (p less than 0.02) and at 4.9 volts from 0.06 to 0.16 ms (p less than 0.05) Flecainide significantly increased both acute and chronic thresholds and the most marked rise (greater than 200%) occurred during chronic oral therapy. Both intravenous and oral flecainide should be used with care in patients with either temporary or permanent pacing systems.