A review of the parasite cellular mechanisms involved in the pathogenesis of amebiasis

Abstract

Amebiasis, a significant cause of morbidity and mortality on a global scale, is caused by invasion of the colonic mucosa by the cytolytic protozoan parasite Entamoeba histolytica. A review of the investigations into the mechanisms by which the parasite causes invasive disease is presented, including the relevant history, epidemiology, and pathology of amebiasis, the biology of the parasite, in vivo and in vitro studies of the pathogenesis of disease, the host immune responses, and possibilities for prevention and biologic control. New insights into the cell biology of E. histolytica, especially its adherence and cytolytic properties, offer several new approaches to biologic control of this invasive, destructive parasitic infection.