The interaction of alpha-N-(p-toluenesulphonyl)-p-guanidino-L-phenylalanine methyl ester with thrombin and trypsin

Abstract

The syntheses are described of p-guanidino-L-phenylalanine and some of its derivatives. alpha-N-(p-Toluenesulphonyl)-p-guanidino-L-phenylalanine methyl ester is an excellent substrate of bovine trypsin (EC 3.4.21.4) (Km 57 micron; kcat. 320s-1 at pH 7.4-8.0) and a very poor substrate of human thrombin (EC 3.4.21.5) (Km 190 micron, kcat. 0.2s-1) and bovine chymotrypsin (EC 3.4.21.1). The ester inhibits thrombin clotting activity. It also inhibits the amidase and esterase activities of human thrombin, this inhibition being of the mixed type. The inhibition constant, K1, of the order of 1 micron, increases with increasing inhibitor concentration. This suggests that the enzyme binds the inhibitor at multiple sites. The importance of the residue at the P1 position [notation of Berger & Schechter (1970) Philos. Trans. R. Soc. London Ser. B 257, 249-264] in determining the selectivity of a substrate or quasi-substrate among trypsin-like enzymes is borne out. p-Guanidino-L-phenylalanine may have a use in the synthesis of selective peptide inhibitors of thrombin.