A controlled trial of health education in the physician's office

Abstract

Screening of 6,144 patients in a general practice clinic to assist physician case-finding uncovered 983 (16%) who were uncontrolled hypertensives. Following physician recommendation, 115 patients volunteered for a controlled trial to test the effectiveness of supplementary strategies to the pharmaceutical management of high blood pressure. A study of nonparticipants indicated that about 7% of the practice population was eligible for cardiovascular health education. One group received a health education program, a second was allocated to self-monitor their blood pressure for 6 months, a third group was allocated to both strategies, and the final group, acting as a control, continued to receive their usual care. Physician monitoring of patients continued for the duration of the study and blood pressures decreased in all patients. The study's most important outcome was the joint reduction of blood pressure and medication strength. These were assessed by a "blind" clinician before and after the interventions according to criteria set out in the "stepped-care" approach to management of high blood pressure. People allocated to a health education program conducted in the doctor's common room did twice as well on this measure as those who were not so educated. Daily self-monitoring of blood pressure for 6 months proved to be too much for the majority of those so instructed. It is concluded that the general practice setting remains an important place for health education to prevent cardiac disease and suggestions are made for incorporating this into everyday practice.