[Rehabilitation and return to work of patients after aortocoronary bypass]

Abstract

A pilot project with medical, physical and psychosocial evaluation and a physical and psychosocial rehabilitation program included 59 men, under age 60, inactive for less than one year and who underwent aortocoronary bypass surgery between november 1978 and march 1980. A control group of 60 comparable patients was studied by questionnaire one year after the operation. The percentage of return-to-work was not significatively different: respectively 92 p. 100 and 89 p. 100. A previous study on a similar population determined 9 predictive sociodemographic and medical factors: age, angina class, duration of symptoms, associated vascular disease, non cardiovascular illness, education, physical workload, length of preoperative unemployment, annual income. The evaluations of this study showed the importance of the psychosocial factors and alcoholism. In comparison with our previous studies, the increased percentage of return-to-work (from 69 p. 100 to 89 p. 100) is mostly due to a shorter preoperative period of inactivity; the percentage of patients operated on within three months of inactivity increased from 44 p. 100 to 74 p. 100 in the last ten years. In the group of patients with a good or excellent preoperative prognosis, 94 p. 100 were working after one year. We conclude that a strategy for improving return-to-work after surgery is to decrease the period of preoperative inactivity. By using nine objective predictive factors and a psychosocial evaluation, it is possible to screen patients with a poor return-to-work prognosis and to submit them to an individualized rehabilitation program.