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. 1984 Jun;12(3):195-6.
doi: 10.1111/j.1600-0528.1984.tb01438.x.

Pilot survey of oral mucosa in areca (betel) nut chewers on Hainan Island of the People's Republic of China

J J Pindborg, K H Zheng, C R Kong, F X Lin

Pilot survey of oral mucosa in areca (betel) nut chewers on Hainan Island of the People's Republic of China

J J Pindborg et al. Community Dent Oral Epidemiol. 1984 Jun.

Abstract

100 people on Hainan Island were studied for their smoking and chewing habits and the condition of their oral mucosa. Ninety-five percent of the study population chewed areca (betel) nut. In men this habit was supplemented with either smoking cigarettes or water pipe. In two men a small commissural leukoplakia was found. In three women clinical and histologic changes pointed towards oral submucous fibrosis.

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