[Topically induced ototoxicity]

Abstract

Topically induced ototoxicity caused by applying substances into the middle ear is discussed in detail. The numerous ototoxic cases described in the recent literature and the high aminoglycoside antibiotic concentrations contained in ear drops are stressed. Methods for reducing the aminoglycoside antibiotic ototoxicity of these ear drops are given. These include safe and effective concentrations of 30 or 60 mg/l Gentamicin, Sisomicin or Tobramycin and their application by ointment. Different chapters deal with the ototoxicity of other antibiotics and solutions, particularly with the risk in sterilization of the middle ear space by surface disinfectants such as chlorhexidine or benzalkonium-chloride. The rare indications for topical ear drops in otitis media are described.