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. 1984 Jul 15;40(7):707-9.
doi: 10.1007/BF01949734.

Volatile constituents of wolf (Canis lupus) urine as related to gender and season

J Raymer, D Wiesler, M Novotny, C Asa, U S Seal, L D Mech

Volatile constituents of wolf (Canis lupus) urine as related to gender and season

J Raymer et al. Experientia. .

Abstract

The volatile constituents of wolf urine were examined via capillary gas chromatography and compared among male, female, and castrate male. Several compounds including methyl isopentyl sulfide, 3,5-dimethyl-2-octanone, and acetophenone were clearly associated with the gender of the animal and many displayed a seasonal dependence. In addition, 2 long-chain aldehydes isolated from urine samples by an HPLC procedure also correlated with the endrocrine status of the animal.

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