Paraplegia: succinylcholine-induced hyperkalemia and cardiac arrest

Abstract

The rapid development of hyperkalemia leading to cardiac arrest can occur in patients with spinal cord injuries and other conditions when succinylcholine is used during the induction of anesthesia. Three patients with thoracolumbar spinal cord injuries resulting in lower motor neuron lesions or lesions above the lower extremity motor units developed hyperkalemia followed by cardiac arrest after succinylcholine administration. The mechanism by which succinylcholine leads to hyperkalemia from denervated muscle is described and precautions to be taken are mentioned. Physicians caring for patients with denervated muscle due to spinal cord injuries should be aware of this danger and nondepolarizing muscle relaxants should be used instead of succinylcholine.