Pharmacokinetics of netilmicin in patients with renal impairment and in patients on dialysis

Abstract

The pharmacokinetics of netilmicin were examined in 25 adult subjects, 7 normal subjects, and 18 patients with renal impairment. Five were dialysis patients who were studied on and off dialysis. Netilmicin, 2 mg/kg, was infused intravenously over 1 h. The peak serum concentration ranged from 9 to 11 mug/ml. The mean biological half-life of netilmicin for subjects with a creatinine clearance (Ccr) > 70 ml/min was 2.7 h, for those with Ccr > 25 < 70 ml/min it was 10 h, for those with Ccr > 4 < 25 ml/min it was 32 h, and for those who were anephric it was 42 h. Ccr was correlated positively with the elimination constant and the drug's serum clearance. It was negatively correlated with the drug's volume of distribution. The dialyzer clearance of netilmicin was positively correlated with plasma flow rate and was similar to values previously reported for gentamicin. Netilmicin behaves in a fashion similar to other aminoglycosides. Therapeutic guidelines are suggested.