Test systems for mutagenicity screening of environmental chemicals and their relevance for the evaluation of genetic hazards to man

Abstract

Mutagenicity test systems play a dual role in public health: (1) to identify chemicals in our environment that are capable of causing genetic alterations and thus pose a threat of genetic damage to generations yet unborn and (2) as a faster screen (than many of the conventional carcinogenicity tests) to identify chemicals with carcinogenic potentials. In this paper the different mutagenicity test systems currently available are reviewed together with a discussion of their advantages and disadvantages. It is argued that our current data base does not permit a realistic quantitative assessment of genetic hazards ensuing from exposure to environmental chemicals and that only qualitative conclusions are possible. A framework which may be useful in the context of the latter is briefly outlined.