The significance of the MB isoenzyme in patients with acute cardiovascular disease with a normal or borderline total CPK activity

Abstract

CPK MB isoenzymes were qualitatively identified using an electrophoresis method in 166 patients with acute cardiovascular disease during a six month period. Forty-three had total CPK activity in the normal or borderline range (0--75 U/Liter at the time the MB isoenzyme was first identified. Fifteen of these patients were diagnosed as having had a new acute myocardinal infarction (Group I) and another 15 as having had an old myocardial infarction (Group II). Diagnosis was based on electrocardiographic changes or autopsy findings. The remaining 13 patients were classified as "ischemic heart disease" (Group III) in the absence of strict electrocardiographic criteria or autopsy evidence of myocardial infarction. Nine of the 15 patients in Group I subsequently had elevations of their total CPK activity above 75 U/L. In contrast the total CPK activity of only one patient from Group II and Group III subsequently exceeded 75 U/liter. All 43 patients had evidence of cardiovascular disease. Our findings suggest that the detection of MB isoenzyme in the presence of a normal total CPK activity is a significant laboratory finding and is indicative of cardiac myofiber injury.