Kinetics and renal handling of cefonicid

Abstract

Cefonicid kinetics were determined after intravenous and intramuscular injection and the renal handling of the drug was examined, including the effect of probenecid on its excretion. Peak serum levels after 1000 and 500 mg intravenously was 221 and 91 micrograms/ml. The half-life (t1/2) was the same for both regimens (3.5 hr). Intramuscular injection of the 1000- and 500-mg doses resulted in peak serum levels of 112 and 40 micrograms/ml. When probenecid was given with the 500-mg dose, the peak serum level was 61 micrograms/ml and the time to peak level rose from 1.3 to 2.5 hr. The t1/2 after 1000 and 500 mg alone was much the same at 4.8 and 4.9 hr. The addition of probenecid to the 500-mg dose extended the t1/2 and 7.5 hr. Renal clearance, excretion, and secretion rates for cefonicid were reduced by the addition of probenecid. Cefonicid's long t1/2 and high blood levels may provide clinical efficacy with a single daily dose.