The prognostic value of computed tomography as an adjunct to assessment of the term infant with postasphyxial encephalopathy

Abstract

Prospective follow-up studies were done on 62 term infants who were treated as neonates for clinical evidence of postasphyxial encephalopathy. Computed tomographic studies were done during the first two weeks of life and repeated at six months of age. All children were followed a minimum of 18 months, at which time they underwent a psychometric and a neurologic evaluation. Major neurodevelopmental sequelae consisted of: hydrocephalus; spastic quadriplegia, hemiplegia, or diplegia; or a mean Bayley score less than 70. Major sequelae were present in 29 (47%) of the children: all were severely handicapped. Five other children scored between 70 and 85 on the Bayley test. Computed tomographic scans were highly predictive of status at 18 months. Eleven of the 15 with intraventricular or parenchymal hemorrhage were severely handicapped. Eighteen of 20 with extensive areas of hypodensity of the white and gray matter (neonatal CT) were abnormal at 18 months. All but two were severely handicapped. The results suggest that CT studies are very useful in the care of the asphyxiated term infant who has clinical signs of encephalopathy.