Differential diagnosis of atypical chest pain syndromes by equilibrium radionuclide angiography during exercise

Abstract

In order to describe exercise-induced changes of left ventricular function in patients with atypical chest pain and to determine the diagnosis accuracy of radionuclide angiography in the differential diagnosis of various chest pain syndromes, we studied a consecutive series of 26 patients and 20 healthy volunteers. Only patients with ejection fractions > 0.50 at rest, without antianginal therapy and without a prior myocardial infarction who eventually underwent diagnostic left heart catheterization were included in the study. In all healthy volunteers ejection fraction increased during exercise by at least 10% over the resting level (from 0.61 +/- 0.05 to 0.76 +/- 0.07; P < 0.001). A similar ejection fraction response was found in 14 of the 26 patients (group A): ejection fraction increased from 0.60 +/- 0.06 to 0.72 +/- 0.07 (P < 0.001), whereas in the remaining 12 patients (group B) ejection fraction decreased from 0.62 +/- 0.06 to 0.57 +/- 0.07 (P < 0.01). Left heart catheterization revealed normal coronary arteries in 13/14 group-A patients while 10/12 group-B patients had significant coronary artery lesions (> 50%). The other two group-B patients were found to have idiopathic cardiomyopathies. We conclude that normal subjects with atypical chest pain during exercise have a normal ejection fraction response to exercise despite their symptoms and that therefore radionuclide angiography during exercise is a valuable noninvasive method in the differential diagnosis of exercise-induced chest pain syndromes.