Long-term ethanol administration and short- and long-term liver regeneration after partial hepatectomy

Abstract

The purpose of this study was to determine whether long-term ethanol consumption affects the long-term regeneration of the liver after partial hepatectomy and to study whether the metabolic demands imposed on the liver by the regenerative process accentuate liver damage produced in the liver by ethanol. Animals fed alcohol (35% of total calories) in liquid diets over time were partially hepatectomized (68% removal) and then were given ethanol-containing diets until complete liver restitution. They were studied at 24 hr and at 7 and 14 days. At these times, prior and continued ethanol administration did not result in changes in total DNA restituted, percent of cells undergoing mitosis, or incorporation of 3H-thymidine into DNA as determined chemically and by autoradiography. After partial hepatectomy, ethanol-fed animals showed a reduction in both DNA and proteins per gram of liver. However, these effects were the result of the hepatomegaly induced by ethanol and were also observed in sham-operated animals fed the diets containing ethanol. An apparent decrease in percent restitution of live weight was observed at 24 hr after hepatectomy in the ethanol-fed animals. However, this was caused by a marked increase in hepatocyte size in the controls, which matched the already enlarged hepatocytes in the ethanol-fed animals. Partial hepatectomy was found to transiently increase the lipid content of the livers in control animals. In ethanol-fed animals partial hepatectomy resulted in markedly fatty livers, as observed both histologically and chemically, which exceeded these abnormalities in alcohol-fed sham-operated rats. In conclusion, long-term ethanol consumption prior to partial hepatectomy and continuous ethanol consumption after the operation did not affect negatively the complete restitution of the liver when compared with controls.