Impact of immunodeficiency virus (HIV) on Fournier's gangrene: observations in Zambia

Abstract

The results of a prospective study in the University Teaching Hospital, Lusaka, Zambia, on the impact of Human Immunodeficiency Virus on the incidence and prognosis of Fournier's gangrene is presented; Zambia has been in the grip of an HIV epidemic since the early 1980s. A total of 10 patients with an average age of 32 years was observed during a 14-month period (March 1992-April 1993); eight patients had associated HIV infection. A contributory factor to the development of Fournier's gangrene was also present in seven patients, of which six involved the urinary tract. All patients were managed by early surgical débridement under antibiotic cover. Two patients died, only one of whom had associated HIV disease. This study has recorded a significant rise in the prevalence of Fournier's gangrene in Zambia since the advent of the HIV epidemic. It has also been documented that provided aggressive treatment along established lines is initiated without delay, the coexisting HIV infection does not adversely affect the prognosis of Fournier's gangrene.