Improved aesthetics in breast reconstruction: modified mastectomy incision and immediate autologous tissue reconstruction

Abstract

A common detraction from the aesthetic results of breast reconstruction is the presence of a transverse mastectomy scar and the patch-like effect of the paler abdominal skin contrasting with the thoracic skin. The technique described involves a modified mastectomy approach in which the breast parenchyma and nipple are first mobilized through a periareolar incision and then removed, along with the axillary lymph nodes, through an axillary counter-incision. A de-epithelialized transverse rectus abdominis musculocutaneous flap is then used to fill the empty "skin brassiere," effectively replacing the glandular defect, and a small patch of skin is exteriorized to match the areolar defect. Excellent symmetry can be attained usually without having to manipulate the opposite breast. After nipple-areolar reconstruction, the breast looks quite normal without the usual stigmas of mastectomy. In 21 breast reconstructions performed since 1991, there has been no incidence of skin flap necrosis or local recurrence.