Predicting beef carcass cutability

Abstract

Analyses were conducted to develop and test the efficacy of beef carcass cutability prediction equations. Data from 1,602 calf-fed steer carcasses (Germplasm Utilization Project; GPU) were used to develop the equations and an additional 1,160 calf-fed steer carcasses (Germplasm Evaluation Project; GPE) were used to validate the equations. In both experimental groups, USDA yield grade ranged from < 1 to > 5 and the SD of yield grade was > .8 indicating a relatively large amount of variation in carcass cutability. Models were developed to predict boneless, totally trimmed retail product yield (RPYD), fat trim yield (FATYD), and bone yield (BONEYD) using 1) carcass traits, 2) carcass traits and wholesale rib dissection traits, 3) carcass traits and 9-10-11 rib dissection traits, and 4) carcass traits and 9-10-11 rib dissection and chemical traits. For each dependent variable, the best single predictor was a wholesale rib dissection trait, and the best higher order model contained at least one wholesale rib dissection trait. Equations developed explained 87, 88, and 77% of the variation in RPYD, FATYD, and BONEYD, respectively. When validated against GPE carcasses, models developed from GPU carcasses explained 74, 78, and 69% of the phenotypic variation and 96, 94, and 84% of the genetic variation in RPYD, FATYD, and BONEYD, respectively. Prediction of carcass cutability using carcass and wholesale rib dissection traits should allow for rapid, precise, and cost-effective assessment of variation in cutability.