Diagnostic outcome of repeated mammography screening

Abstract

Mammographic screening for breast cancer within health service routines was evaluated for the years 1987-1992, with special focus on repeated screening during 1989-1992. The overall attendance rate by women aged 40 to 74 years was 82.8%. During 1989-1992 malignancy was found in 2.6/1000 screened women, giving a 87.4% positive predictive rate at surgery and 95.9% efficiency. Among women aged > or = 45 years, the positive predictive rate was > 94%. Fine-needle aspiration (FNA) biopsy showed invasive cancers in 84% and highly suspected cancer in another 15%; 60% of the lesions were nonpalpable. For first-time (prevalence) screening (1987-1988) the positive predictive rate was 86% and the malignancy yield 6.4/1000. In women aged 40-44 years there were few surgical referrals (1.6%), but the positive predictive rate at surgery was only 48.3%, indicating diagnostic difficulties in young women. The median size of all invasive cancers was 12 mm: 84% were classified as pT1, and 23% had lymph node involvement. Stage II disease was found in 27% of all malignancies. The use of FNA in the diagnostic workup for breast cancer screening is of crucial importance to the maintenance of high positive predictive rates at surgery. Moreover, regular analysis is important even when mammographic screening is incorporated into the routine work of health services.