Physical therapy to improve functioning of older people in residential care facilities

Abstract

Background and purpose: The purpose of this study was to determine the effectiveness of an individualized physical therapy mobility training program on the gait, balance, and functional performance of elderly individuals living in residential care facilities.

Subjects: Twenty-seven elderly individuals with impaired balance and difficulty performing at least one functional activity participated in the study. The subjects ranged in age from 71 to 97 years (mean = 87.1, SD = 6.7).

Methods: Balance and gait speed were assessed at baseline and following physical therapy that consisted of exercises to improve specific functional limitations. Outcomes were reassessed 1 month following completion of the physical therapy.

Results: Gait and balance outcomes were analyzed using a one-way repeated-measures analysis of variance. Improvement was obtained in balance, which was maintained at 1 month follow-up. Gait speed did not improve to a level of statistical significance.

Conclusion and discussion: After physical therapy, subjects improved in balance and functional performance. An improvement in gait speed may require a longer duration of treatment.