[Communication of gametes at distance. Chemotaxis and chemokinesis in spermatozoa in mammals]

Abstract

The communication to distance is controlled chemically by the egg and the spermatozoa as part of the fertilization process, it has been studied intensily in invertebrate animals with outside fertilization. However studies with mammals offers a field of great interest. The chemoattractant from mammals spermatozoa include peptides or protein with a molecular weight of 1-20 KDa, hormones like progesterone, oxitocin, adrenalin and receptors on the spermatozoa head which are associated with the Guanylyl cyclase enzyme and G proteins, as well as other as like odorant receptor, rhodoopsin kinases and arresting. Chemotaxis allow us to understand the fertilization in human and also develop program for assisted reproduction. It is very important in the contraception.