Isolated pelvic perfusion for unresectable cancer using a balloon occlusion technique

Abstract

Previously irradiated recurrent pelvic malignancy is refractory to most treatment modalities. Ten patients with local recurrences (six with rectal cancer; three, anal cancer; and one, anorectal melanoma) were treated with a total of 17 courses of isolated pelvic perfusion chemotherapy (12 with multiple agents) using standard hemodialysis technology. Aortic and inferior vena caval occlusion was maintained via transfemoral balloon catheters, with a single intraoperative balloon disruption. Mean pelvic-systemic drug exposure ratios were 9.8:1 for fluorouracil, 4.8:1 for cisplatin, and 4.4:1 for mitomycin C. Results were three partial responses (two patients subsequently underwent resection) and three minor responses, all in patients with a visible tumor. Pelvic pain was relieved in six of eight symptomatic patients (mean duration, 4 months). Using limited access, this procedure produces high pelvic-systemic concentration gradients, prolonged palliation for recurrent pelvic cancers, and increased resectability in selected patients.