Osteoporosis and the role of diet

Abstract

Osteoporosis, a common problem of older women in developed countries, is characterised by low bone mineral density or low bone mineral content, both measures of bone quantity. However, with osteoporosis there is also a loss of bone micro-architecture--that is, a loss of bone quality. Dietary factors thought to be important in maintaining bone quantity include calcium, vitamin D, protein and salt. Trace minerals may be important in maintaining bone quality through their role as metallo-enzymes in the synthesis of collagen and other proteins that form the structure of bone. Other substances like flavonoids may also have a role in preventing osteoporosis.