Hemodialysis versus continuous ambulatory peritoneal dialysis: effects on the heart

Abstract

In this study we compared the influence of 2 different modalities of treatment, CAPD and hemodialysis, on the prevalence and severity of left ventricular hypertrophy and cardiac arrhythmias of chronic renal failure patients. We compared 27 patients on the CAPD program with 27 patients on the chronic hemodialysis matched for sex, age, and duration of dialysis treatment. The prevalence of hypertension was significantly lower in CAPD than in hemodialysis patient (41% vs. 81%, p = 0.0023). Blood pressure levels were also lower in CAPD than in hemodialysis patients (systolic pressure 124.9 +/- 4.7 vs. 154.8 +/- 4.6 mm Hg, p < 0.0001; diastolic pressure 77.5 +/- 2.9 vs. 93.3 +/- 2.8 mm Hg, p = 0.0001). Left ventricular hypertrophy (LVH) was present in 52% of CAPD and in 93% of hemodialysis patients (p = 0.0008). Severe cardiac arrhythmias (Lown 3-4) occurred in only 4% of CAPD and in 33% of the hemodialysis group (p = 0.0149). The lower frequency of LVH in CAPD might explain the lower incidence of severe arrhythmias.