Importance of total serum IgE for improvement in airways hyperresponsiveness with inhaled corticosteroids in asthma and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. The Dutch CNSLD Study Group

Abstract

Airways hyperresponsiveness is a hallmark of asthma, and many patients with COPD also demonstrate hyperresponsiveness. Inhaled corticosteroids improve hyperresponsiveness, but the extent of improvement may vary considerably between patients. This study was designed to determine which patient characteristics predict these differences in response. Patients with mild to moderately severe obstructive airways disease (asthma and COPD) were selected if PC20 < or = 8 mg/ml and FEV1 < 95% confidence interval of predicted normal. They were followed for 2.5 yr, during which one-third received inhaled corticosteroids. The independent influences of baseline FEV1/IVC, bronchodilator response, PC20, smoking habits, allergy, age, and sex on the improvement in airways hyperresponsiveness with inhaled corticosteroids were analyzed. Total serum IgE was taken as a parameter of allergy, next to specific IgE for house dust mite, skin tests, and blood eosinophils. Total serum IgE was found to be the most important and single independent predictor of change in PC20 with inhaled corticosteroids: patients with a higher IgE had a greater increase in PC20 when administered inhaled corticosteroids than those with lower IgE levels. Alternatively, patients with a higher IgE who did not receive corticosteroids had a decrease in PC20 compared with patients with a lower IgE. This effect was most prominent in asthma but was inconsistent in asthmatic bronchitis and COPD. The level of IgE cannot be used to predict the response to inhaled corticosteroids in individuals accurately. Total serum IgE is the single most important predictor of change in PC20 with and without inhaled corticosteroids.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)