Probing structure-function relationships in human immunodeficiency virus type 1 protease via molecular dynamics simulation

Abstract

This chapter has focused on the application of molecular dynamics computer simulations and related molecular modeling techniques to the study of HIV protease structure and structure-function relationships. The abundance of crystallographic data provides ample experimental quantities (average structures, temperature factors, and hydrogen bond topography) to validate the computational techniques employed. Furthermore, these studies provide insight into the structure and functional energetics of HIV-1 protease that would be difficult or impossible to study experimentally. This chapter covers studies that investigate correlated motion between and within subunits of the protease, mutants of the protease that disrupt the tertiary structure and dimer formation, and studies of HIV-1 protease-inhibitor complexes that rationalize both the protonation state of the active site and the observed binding strength of these complexes. These studies demonstrate that MD is capable of contributing to our understanding of structure-function relationships and may aid in the design of potential therapeutics.