Growth patterns for infants weighing less than 801 grams at birth to 3 years of age

Abstract

Anthropometric measurements of infants weighing < 801 gm were monitored to evaluate growth patterns from birth to 36 months chronologic age, using both standard growth percentiles and Z score descriptors. Mean gestational age was 25.8 weeks, and birth weight was 708.4 gm. The infants had growth delay at hospital discharge with some catch-up growth occurring in the first year. Discrete changes in body growth using the Z score as a descriptor showed movement from a negative SD at 12 months toward the reference mean of zero at 36 months. However, mean length remained < 5th percentile, and mean weight was at approximately the 10th percentile for chronologic age. At 36 months 45% of infants had a head circumference smaller than the 5th percentile for chronologic age. Birth weight < 701 gm was a significant predictor of smaller occipital-frontal circumference at 3 years (p = 0.03). Interruption of intrauterine growth after extremely premature birth appears to have long-term effects on growth outcome much like prenatal growth retardation.