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. 1994 Jun;72(1-3):375-80.
doi: 10.1016/0378-4274(94)90051-5.

Swimming pool chlorination: a health hazard?

H Aiking  1 , M B van Acker, R J Scholten, J F Feenstra, H A Valkenburg
Affiliations

Swimming pool chlorination: a health hazard?

H Aiking et al. Toxicol Lett. 1994 Jun.

Abstract

A pilot study addressed potential effects of long-term exposure to chlorination products in swimming pools. The indicator compound chloroform was detectable in blood from competitive swimmers in an indoor pool (mean = 0.89 +/- 0.34 microgram/l; n = 10), but not in outdoor pool swimmers. No hepatotoxic effect was indicated by serum glutamate oxaloacetate transaminase (SGOT), serum glutamate pyruvate transaminase (SGPT) or gamma-glutamyl transpeptidase (gamma-GT) enzyme levels. beta-2-microglobulin, an indicator of renal damage, was significantly elevated in urine samples of the slightly, but significantly, younger indoor swimmers. The precise ratio between these 2 possible causes, age and chloroform exposure, as well as the mechanism of the former, remain to be elucidated.

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