Is p53 polymorphism maintained by natural selection?

Abstract

We present here a new interesting feature of the human tumor suppressor gene p53: a very pronounced ethnic and clinal variation of polymorphic codon 72 alleles. The frequency of the A1 (Pro) allele showed a north-south cline from 17% in Swedish Saamis to 63% in African Blacks (Nigerians), and there was a significant (p < 0.001) correlation (r = 0.95) between the A2 frequency and latitude. In the Finnish and Swedish populations no significant differences were found with respect to the genotype and allele distributions in spontaneously aborted fetuses and liveborn children, which makes differential intrauterine selection unlikely. However, the ethnic and clinal variations suggest that the codon 72 polymorphism is balanced and maintained by natural selection.