A phase II trial of weekly high-dose folinic acid and 5-fluorouracil in combination with epirubicin as salvage chemotherapy in advanced breast cancer

Abstract

Twenty-five patients with advanced breast cancer (ABC) who had failed from first-line chemotherapy entered into a phase II study employing weekly 5-fluorouracil (FU) 350 mg/m2, folinic acid (FA) 500 mg/m2, and epirubicin (EPI) 35 mg/m2, for a maximum of 18 cycles. Twenty-three patients were evaluable for response. One achieved a complete response and 7 showed a partial response, for an objective response rate of 35%; 7 (31%) patients achieved a stabilization of the disease, while 8 (35%) patients progressed under treatment. The median duration of response was 6 months and median survival amounted to 10.6 months. Side effects were in general mild with grade III leukopenia in 5 patients and grade IV leukopenia in 1 patient. Other toxicity included nausea and vomiting (88%), diarrhea (26%), stomatitis (40%) and alopecia (84%), but all of them mainly restricted to WHO grade I and II. Our results suggest that the combination of high-dose FA, FU, and EPI can be safely administered in the investigated schedule and represents an attractive alternative in the search for second-line therapies that combine effectiveness with acceptable toxicity in the treatment of refractory ABC.