A randomized controlled trial comparing mebendazole and albendazole against Ascaris, Trichuris and hookworm infections

Abstract

The efficacies and side effects of single dose treatments with 500 mg mebendazole (Janssen Pharmaceutica) and 400 mg albendazole (SmithKline Beecham) against intestinal nematodes were compared in a single-blind, randomized controlled trial among 2294 children aged 6 to 12 years on Pemba Island, Zanzibar, among whom infections with Ascaris, hookworms and Trichuris were highly prevalent. Both drugs were highly effective against Ascaris, with cure rates of over 97%. The cure rates for Trichuris were low, but mebendazole was significantly better than albendazole and produced a greater reduction in the geometric mean egg count. Mebendazole was inferior to albendazole in curing hookworm infections and in reducing the geometric mean egg count. There was no difference in the frequency of side effects reported by heavily infected children treated with either drug. In a trial on 402 children, 500 mg mebendazole (Janssen) was compared with a generic version of the drug, 500 mg mebendazole (Pharmamed). No difference was apparent in the efficacies of the 2 treatments against any of the 3 parasites studied.