Female pelvic floor functions, dysfunctions, and behavioral approaches to treatment

Abstract

This article has reviewed normal pelvic floor function and the type of evaluation and treatment programs that should be offered to the woman who presents with pelvic floor dysfunction. Pelvic floor muscle contraction is an acquired function. It is not innate. Development of pelvic floor muscle strength requires specificity training and dedication to an exercise program. It is imperative that women be educated about the functions and dysfunctions of the pelvic floor complex in order to promote preventive rather than restorative benefits of pelvic floor exercise. Exercise programs should be specific to the type of pelvic floor muscle dysfunction and its causes. Behavioral treatment options focus on traditional physical therapy techniques of education, therapeutic exercise, and the use of physical modalities that aid in the restoration of muscle function. Exercises for the pelvic floor should be part of every woman's fitness regime. Health care providers, health educators, and fitness personnel need to ask women more questions about pelvic floor function, encourage women to exercise these muscles, and to seek medical care for their dysfunctions. Only then will the magnitude and prevalence of pelvic floor muscle dysfunctions receive the attention that they need.