Synthesis of sterigmatocystin on a chemically defined medium by species of Aspergillus and Chaetomium

Abstract

Sterigmatocystin (ST) is a secondary metabolite and a principal mycotoxin known to be produced by over 30 species of filamentous fungi. It is also one of the late intermediates in aflatoxin biosynthesis. We have tested the ability of 7 species of Aspergillus, including 4 strains of A. versicolor, one species of Bipolaris, and two species of Chaetomium, to produce ST on a sucrose-salts-phenylalanine defined medium as well as on three complex substrates. Highest ST production in our survey was by a strain of A. versicolor grown on wheat, whereas, the highest ST production on defined medium was by C. cellulolyticum. To our knowledge, this is the first report of ST production by C. cellulolyticum on any substrate. In precursor feeding studies, resting cultures of wild type A. nidulans and A. versicolor were unable to biotransform O-methylsterigmatocystin (OMST), the last known intermediate in aflatoxin biosynthesis. These results suggest that ST is the end product of polyketide metabolism in the strains tested.