Laser assisted balloon angioplasty in lower extremity occlusive disease

Abstract

Percutaneous transluminal laser angioplasty was used as an adjunct to balloon angioplasty in 36 occluded lower extremity artery segments in 32 patients. Indications for intervention were severe claudication in 25 (78.1%) and rest pain or gangrene in 7 (21.9%) patients. Neodymium-yttrium-aluminium-garnet laser heated probe was used to recanalize the iliac artery in 19, femoral artery in 9, both iliac and femoral arteries in 2, and popliteal and tibial arteries in 2 patients. Patients with successful laser recanalization underwent balloon angioplasty to further widen the lumen. Initial angiographic success was achieved in 28 (87.5%) patients with recanalization of 32 (88.9%) of 36 occlusions. Three patients had extra-axial catheter/guide wire passage and 1 patient had acute thrombosis of the recanalized artery which was successfully reperfused by thrombolytic therapy. At discharge the Doppler ankle-arm pressure index had increased from 0.46 +/- 0.15 to 0.84 +/- 0.12 (p < 0.001) in 29 patients with recanalized arteries. There was marked clinical improvement in these patients. On 6-47 (mean = 23.4 +/- 7.5) months follow up of 28 successfully treated patients 26 (92.9%) showed sustained clinical improvement. Thus laser assisted balloon angioplasty appears to be a safe and useful adjunct in recanalization of lower extremity occlusive disease.