Gram-negative bacterial communication by N-acyl homoserine lactones: a universal language?

Abstract

The ability of bacterial cells to use small signalling molecules to monitor population growth may help them to react rapidly to environmental change. Regulatory systems made up of a small sensor molecule, an N-acyl homoserine lactone and a protein effector have been identified recently in a wide range of Gram-negative bacteria. These mediate signal cascades that amplify and coordinate the induction of single or multiple regulons.