Fosinopril in the treatment of hypertension: effects on 24h ambulatory blood pressure and on blood pressure response to exercise

Abstract

This study evaluated the effects of medium-term once daily administration of fosinopril (20 mg) on BP profile and on BP response to exercise in patients with mild to moderate hypertension. Twenty patients (14 males and 6 females; 25-57 years of age), after a six week drug wash-out phase, underwent 24h ambulatory BP monitoring (ABPM) (Spacelabs 90207) and, the day after, maximal bicycle exercise testing. Patients then received a once daily treatment with fosinopril and ABPM and exercise testing were repeated 45-60 days later. Fosinopril decreased average 24h SBP and DBP (-13.5 mmHg and -9.7 mmHg, respectively, P < 0.002); a significant BP reduction was observed both in day and in nighttime, without alteration in diurnal BP profile. The antihypertensive effect was still evident 24h after dosing. Trough to peak ratio was 0.58 +/- 0.16. Fosinopril induced a reduction of SBP and DBP during exercise testing (-20 and -11 mmHg at baseline; -17 and -8 mmHg at peak exercise; -24 and -14 mmHg at the sixth minute of recovery; P < 0.002), with a slight prolongation of exercise time (+46 seconds, P = 0.041). These results indicate that fosinopril at a once daily dose of 20 mg provides a sustained 24h BP reduction associated with BP reduction during physical exercise. These effects have been obtained without altering diurnal BP profile, without excessive hypotension at the time of maximal antihypertensive effect and with a slight improvement of exercise tolerance.