[Pathophysiology and current therapy of congestive heart failure due to idiopathic cardiomyopathy]

Abstract

Congestive heart failure (CHF) due to idiopathic cardiomyopathy is reviewed. CHF in dilated cardiomyopathy (DCM) is caused mainly by myocardial systolic dysfunction. Diuretics, angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitors and digitalis are the first choice drugs. ACE inhibitors have been shown to be effective in prolonging life and improving quality of life. Recently, long-term beta-blockade therapy has been shown to be useful. CHF in hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (HCM) is caused by decreased myocardial compliance. The beneficial effect of verapamil in HCM is related to improved relaxation and diastolic filing. Verapamil is also effective in relieving myocardial ischemia. Beta-blockade decreases pressure gradient and oxygen consumption. Idiopathic restrictive cardiomyopathy is a very rare disease and decreased myocardial compliance is responsible for CHF.