[Cutaneous manifestations of liver cirrhosis]

Abstract

It is well recognized that liver cirrhosis may cause many characteristic skin changes. This paper deals with skin manifestations of liver cirrhosis, according to the pathological process. Portal hypertension may cause development of collateral circulation, including, visible varicose veins on the abdominal wall ("caput Medusae"). Hormonal disturbances, as the result of inability of the liver, are responsible for several vascular changes, such as, red palm, vascular spider and "paper money" skin, for gynecomastia and for loss of axillary and pubic hair. Nail changes, such as, clubbing, white nails, watch-glass deformity, flat nails and brittleness may be found in the patient with liver cirrhosis. Jaundice and melanosis are common. These skin changes are recognized as contributing to a diagnosis and estimating the stage of liver cirrhosis.